spdep
Spatial Dependence: Weighting Schemes, Statistics
A collection of functions to create spatial weights matrix objects from polygon 'contiguities', from point patterns by distance and tessellations, for summarizing these objects, and for permitting their use in spatial data analysis, including regional aggregation by minimum spanning tree; a collection of tests for spatial 'autocorrelation', including global 'Morans I' and 'Gearys C' proposed by 'Cliff' and 'Ord' (1973, ISBN: 0850860369) and (1981, ISBN: 0850860814), 'Hubert/Mantel' general cross product statistic, Empirical Bayes estimates and 'Assunção/Reis' (1999) <doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19990830)18:16<2147::AID-SIM179>3.0.CO;2-I1097-0258(19990830)18:16%3C2147::AID-SIM179%3E3.0.CO;2-I)> Index, 'Getis/Ord' G ('Getis' and 'Ord' 1992) <doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1992.tb00261.x> and multicoloured join count statistics, 'APLE' ('Li 'et al.' ) <doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.2007.00708.x>, local 'Moran's I', 'Gearys C' ('Anselin' 1995) <doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.x> and 'Getis/Ord' G ('Ord' and 'Getis' 1995) <doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00912.x>, 'saddlepoint' approximations ('Tiefelsdorf' 2002) <doi:10.1111/j.1538-4632.2002.tb01084.x> and exact tests for global and local 'Moran's I' ('Bivand et al.' 2009) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2008.07.021> and 'LOSH' local indicators of spatial heteroscedasticity ('Ord' and 'Getis') <doi:10.1007/s00168-011-0492-y>. The implementation of most of these measures is described in 'Bivand' and 'Wong' (2018) <doi:10.1007/s11749-018-0599-x>, with further extensions in 'Bivand' (2022) <doi:10.1111/gean.12319>. 'Lagrange' multiplier tests for spatial dependence in linear models are provided ('Anselin et al'. 1996) <doi:10.1016/0166-0462(95)02111-6>, as are 'Rao' score tests for hypothesised spatial 'Durbin' models based on linear models ('Koley' and 'Bera' 2023) <doi:10.1080/17421772.2023.2256810>. From 'spdep' and 'spatialreg' versions >= 1.2-1, the model fitting functions previously present in this package are defunct in 'spdep' and may be found in 'spatialreg'.
- Version1.3-7
- R version≥ 3.3.0 methods,
- LicenseGPL-2
- LicenseGPL-3
- Needs compilation?Yes
- spdep citation info
- Last release11/25/2024
Documentation
- Vignette“The Problem of Spatial Autocorrelation:” forty years on
- VignetteCreating Neighbours
- VignetteCreating Neighbours using sf objects
- VignetteIntroduction to the North Carolina SIDS data set (re-revised)
- VignetteNo-neighbour observation and subgraph handling
- MaterialNEWS
- MaterialChangeLog
- In ViewsSpatial
Team
Roger Bivand
MaintainerShow author detailsDewey Dunnington
Bjarke Christensen
Show author detailsRolesContributorElias Krainski
Show author detailsRolesContributorMichał Pietrzak
Stéphane Dray
Show author detailsRolesContributorJustyna Wilk
Tomasz Kossowski
Giovanni Millo
Show author detailsRolesContributorYongwan Chun
Show author detailsRolesContributorMarilia Carvalho
Show author detailsRolesContributorDanlin Yu
Show author detailsRolesContributorOlaf Berke
Show author detailsRolesContributorRené Westerholt
Show author detailsRolesContributorVirgilio Gómez-Rubio
Show author detailsRolesContributorMalabika Koley
Show author detailsRolesContributorRenato Assunção
Show author detailsRolesContributorHisaji Ono
Show author detailsRolesContributorPierre Legendre
Show author detailsRolesContributorJosiah Parry
Angela Li
Show author detailsRolesContributorGianfranco Piras
Show author detailsRolesContributorNicholas Lewin-Koh
Show author detailsRolesContributorPedro Peres-Neto
Show author detailsRolesContributorJeff Sauer
Show author detailsRolesContributorLevi Wolf
Show author detailsRolesContributorMicah Altman
Show author detailsRolesContributorWerner Mueller
Show author detailsRolesContributorMichael Tiefelsdorf
Show author detailsRolesContributorF. Guillaume Blanchet
Show author detailsRolesContributorAnil Bera
Show author detailsRolesContributorMarkus Reder
Show author detailsRolesContributorCarsten Dormann
Show author detailsRolesContributorLuc Anselin
Show author detailsRolesContributor
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- Imports6 packages
- Suggests16 packages
- Reverse Depends7 packages
- Reverse Imports62 packages
- Reverse Suggests35 packages
- Reverse Enhances2 packages